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Nacalai hplc analysis
Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography <t>(HPLC)</t> analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).
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1) Product Images from "A single PLAT domain protein couples reproductive arrest and carotenoid pigmentation during diapause in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch"

Article Title: A single PLAT domain protein couples reproductive arrest and carotenoid pigmentation during diapause in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch

Journal: bioRxiv

doi: 10.64898/2026.05.13.724795

Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).
Figure Legend Snippet: Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).

Techniques Used: Negative Control, High Performance Liquid Chromatography

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Article Snippet: Subscriber access provided by Stockholm University Library is published by the American Chemical Society.. 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036 Published by American Chemical Society.. Copyright © American Chemical Society.

Article Title: Synthesis of a new class of fullerene derivative Li⁺@C₆₀O⁻(OH)₇ as a "cation-encapsulated anion nanoparticle".
Article Snippet: Metal encapsulation into a cage and chemical modification on the outer surface of fullerenes endow them with some unique characteristic properties.. Although the derivatization of endohedral fullerenes holds promise for producing novel new nano-carbon materials, there are few reports about such compounds.. Herein, we report the synthesis of lithium encapsulated fullerenol Li@C60O (OH)7 using a fuming sulfuric acid method from [Li@C60](PF6 ) and characterization of its structure by IR, NMR, FAB mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.

Article Title: Quantitative Determination of Alkaloids in Lotus Flower (Flower Buds of Nelumbo nucifera) and Their Melanogenesis Inhibitory Activity
Article Snippet: .. The reaction was monitored by HPLC analysis: column (Cosmosil 5C18 MS-II (4.6 mm ˆ 250 mm, i.d., Nakalai Tesque Inc.)); detection (UV (254 nm)); mobile phase (MeOH–0.03% aqueous Et2NH (70:30, v/v)); column temperature (room temperature); and flow rate: (1.0 mL/min). ..

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Article Snippet: .. The ee was determined by HPLC analysis (Daicel Chiralpak AD-3; hexane/i-PrOH 98:2, 0.5 mL/min; 254 nm; tr (S) = 28.6 min, tr (R) = 13.0 min). ..

Article Title: A single PLAT domain protein couples reproductive arrest and carotenoid pigmentation during diapause in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch
Article Snippet: .. For HPLC analysis, standard β-carotene (Nacalai Tesque, Inc., Kyoto, Japan) and astaxanthin (Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH, Augsburg, Germany) were dissolved in chloroform to prepare stock solutions of each standard at 10 mg mL −1 . ..

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Article Snippet: .. The reaction was carried out at 120°C for 30 hours and was monitored by HPLC analysis (Buckyprep, Nakalai Tesque, ∅ 4.6 x 250 mm, toluene, 1mL/mL, 390 nm, Figure S22). ..

Article Title: Synthesis of a New Class of Molecule Li+@C60O–(OH)7 as a “Cation-Encapsulated Anion Nanoparticle” by Multihydroxylation of Li-Encapsulated Fullerene
Article Snippet: Treatment of [Li + @C60](PF6 – ) with 30% fuming sulfuric acid and subsequent hydrolysis gave hydroxylated derivative Li + @C60O – (OH)7.. Its structure was deduced by IR, NMR, MALDITOF/FAB MS, and elemental analysis.. Notably, the reaction of [Li + @C60](PF6 – ) was siteselective, giving a single major isomer (ca.

Article Title: Prato reaction of M3N@I(h)-C80 (M = Sc, Lu, Y, Gd) with reversible isomerization.
Article Snippet: .. The reaction was carried out at 120°C for 3h and was monitored by HPLC analysis (Buckyprep, Nakalai Tesque, ∅ 4.6 x 250 mm, toluene, 1mL/mL, 390 nm, Figure S10). ..

Solvent:

Article Title: Isolation, Identification, and Synthesis of a New Prenylated Cinnamic Acid Derivative from Brazilian Green Propolis and Simultaneous Quantification of Bioactive Components by LC-MS/MS.
Article Snippet: Subscriber access provided by Stockholm University Library is published by the American Chemical Society.. 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036 Published by American Chemical Society.. Copyright © American Chemical Society.

Analysis:

Article Title: Enhanced Molecular Recognition through Substrate–Additive Complex Formation in N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of α-Hydroxythioamides
Article Snippet: .. The ee was determined by HPLC analysis (Daicel Chiralpak AD-3; hexane/i-PrOH 98:2, 0.5 mL/min; 254 nm; tr (S) = 28.6 min, tr (R) = 13.0 min). ..

Beta-Carotene:

Article Title: A single PLAT domain protein couples reproductive arrest and carotenoid pigmentation during diapause in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch
Article Snippet: .. For HPLC analysis, standard β-carotene (Nacalai Tesque, Inc., Kyoto, Japan) and astaxanthin (Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH, Augsburg, Germany) were dissolved in chloroform to prepare stock solutions of each standard at 10 mg mL −1 . ..



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Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography <t>(HPLC)</t> analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).
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Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography <t>(HPLC)</t> analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).
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Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography <t>(HPLC)</t> analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).
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Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography <t>(HPLC)</t> analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).
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Image Search Results


Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: A single PLAT domain protein couples reproductive arrest and carotenoid pigmentation during diapause in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch

doi: 10.64898/2026.05.13.724795

Figure Lengend Snippet: Body coloration phenotypes and carotenoid contents following RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Tetranychus urticae females reared under diapause-inducing conditions. (A) Representative images of the three body color phenotypes scored after dsRNA treatment: orange (typical diapause phenotype with high carotenoid accumulation), yellow (intermediate, altered carotenoid composition), and green (reduced diapause-associated carotenoid accumulation). Scale bars, 0.1 mm. The stacked bar chart represents the proportion of individuals classified as orange, yellow, or green within each treatment group following dsRNA treatments targeting the TuPDS ( tetur01g11270 ), TuLCPS ( tetur01g11260 ), TuCYP384A1 ( tetur38g00650 ), or TuPLAT10 ( tetur11g05720 ) genes (ds TuPDS , ds TuLCPS , ds TuCYP384A1 , or ds TuPLAT10 , respectively), compared with the dsRNA treatment targeting an intergenic region used as a negative control (dsNC). Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001); n , total number of mites scored. Of females classified by body coloration phenotype, the body-color subgroups containing sufficient individuals were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis: yellow only for ds TuLCPS ; yellow and green for ds TuPDS , ds TuCYP384A1 , and ds TuPLAT10 . dsNC females (all orange) and non-diapausing females (all green) were each analyzed as a single group. HPLC analysis for quantifying the contents of (B) β-carotene and (C, D) astaxanthin in dsRNA-treated mites and non-diapausing mites. (C) Cholesterol esterase treatment (+CE) hydrolyses esterified astaxanthin into its free forms. In (D), −CE indicates samples without esterase treatment (free astaxanthin only). Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), with individual dots indicating biological replicates. Statistical significance relative to dsNC was determined using Dunnett’s test ( p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: For HPLC analysis, standard β-carotene (Nacalai Tesque, Inc., Kyoto, Japan) and astaxanthin (Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH, Augsburg, Germany) were dissolved in chloroform to prepare stock solutions of each standard at 10 mg mL −1 .

Techniques: Negative Control, High Performance Liquid Chromatography